A inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no mundo do trabalho: as conceituações sobre a deficiência e a ocupação do espaço social

Abstract

The work world presents itself as a broad and diverse dimension which has, as its central idea, the perception that work is allocated in concrete life taking on an important role which constructs the human being as a creative act, but it can also present itself through relations of exploitation in its facet as employment. Perceiving this differentiation between work and employment makes it possible to understand the relations which are embedded in the inclusion of the person with deficiency in the work world which get mixed up between the construction of the social being and their relations which present themselves as punishment. In this sense, based on the understanding of deficiency as a historical construction it is possible to perceive that daily practices toward the person with deficiency such as elimination, charity, segregation and integration were constructing the concept of deficiency in a negative way, encompassing people with deficiency in a great majority of marginalized people. In the quest for a re-signification which comprehends the bidimensional recognition of the person with deficiency as a subject with rights able to exert citizenship, the occupation of the social space becomes a pertinent instrument, since it makes possible the person’s prophetic-pedagogical presence in the constitution of social relations guided by practices which propitiate communal interaction and their participation in various social spaces, among them, the work area. In this way, the Pedagogy of Visibility, observed from the perspective of the prophetic-pedagogical action of Jesus, has a significant value in the proposition of the inclusion of the person with deficiency in the work world, since it indicates a process of transformation of the structures which exclude those who occupy the space of the margin. This movement which is constructed with the people who are victims of exclusion, in the case of this research the people with deficiency, has as its principle to make the social relations accessible which make possible the movement from the centrality of the margin, with concrete actions that visualize the participation of people with deficiency as capable subjects in the construction of a society guided by substantive inclusion. Thus the analysis of content of the life narratives of people with deficiency who are participants in the work world, articulated with a bibliographic analysis of research on the theme, made it possible to comprehend that the inclusion of a person with deficiency in the work world, based on the occupation of the social space, constitutes itself as a historical alternative in the re-signification of the negative construction of deficiency.