O confronto entre Übermensch e Superman: reflexões a partir do pensamento nietzschiniano sobre os super-heróis

Abstract

This research reflects on and problematizes some cuts of the ideas of the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) in order to correlate some of his most important concepts like Übermensch and superheroes of American pop culture. The study points to the contrasts between Superman American pop culture, defender of Christian morality, and the creation of the character a clear allusion to Christianity, in his most emblematic figure, Jesus Christ. Superman presents himself as one of the guardians of the values of Christian herd morality, heir to the Platonic matrix in the figure of Socrates and his successors. Already the Übermensch of Nietzsche is the one that is going to propose a new moral based on the will of potency, free of lasting promises in transcendent worlds. For this, it is necessary to accept the doctrine of the eternal return and in the "love fati" (Love for destiny), capable of overcoming all the discredit of the will of nothingness of the nihilist man of Christian morality, responsible for the weakening of the body that helped promote the culture of resentment. Nietzsche, through a genealogical undertaking, unveils the vein of servile morality, and tries to discover how it came to become one of the hegemonic forms of giving meaning to the Western world. The superaventura is a field of study that allows broad theoretical possibilities, and morality translates into a very recurrent theme of this genre, not to mention that it also attracts the attention of a public strongly influenced by the media culture or even by the fascination that the characters provoke. The research also proposes a very practical perspective in that it will take advantage of the hook left by the problematization generating the research. It is worth innovating and betting on new methodologies and taking them to the classroom, along with comic book superheroes, transforming philosophy class in a playful and enriching environment. This will be proposed through a twenty-hour course covering the research topic.