Mulheres com deficiência e direitos sexuais e direitos reprodutivos: as múltiplas faces da invisibilidade e os desafios para a teologia

Abstract

Sexual and reproductive rights (DSDR) are human rights, and therefore have to do with the life of all people, needing to be recognized, respected and valued. However, the reality experienced, especially by women with deficiencies, reveals difficulties, barriers and even situations of violence when one is dealing with the defense and guarantee of these rights, with these women often being invisibilized in various areas. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate the experiences of women with deficiencies, with special attention given to the areas of the DSDR, so as to carry out a discussion about the challenges and contributions which they present to Theology based on debates about feminism, gender and deficiency and through a bibliographic review and an analysis of the content regarding the blog Sobre Rodas. The first chapter deals with concepts about deficiency and about DSDR based on feminist and gender studies and studies about deficiency in order to establish relations between these issues and analyze how they recognize these rights. The second chapter describes and reflects on the experiences of women with deficiencies in relation to the DSDR, based on the way Elisandra Carolina dos Santos, Carol, deals with the theme in her Blog (blog Sobre Rodas [On wheels]), mainly through her life trajectory. The posts of the Blog were analyzed according to categories created by the author about DSDR and based on the discussions presented in the first chapter. The last chapter deals with if and how issues related to women with deficiencies and the DSDR are treated in the area of Theology, specifically Feminist Theologies, Theologies about or based on Deficiencies and with theological perspectives which deal with the body/corporeity and sexuality in order to verify contributions and challenges for the debate on women with deficiencies, DSDR and about the relation between these themes considering the experiences of Carol and the analysis of the Blog. The experiences of women with deficiencies with the DSDR challenge and offer contributions to the area of Theology. The analysis of the experiences of women with deficiencies in the area of DSDR based on the Blog, especially based on the life trajectory of Carol and of her work with the Grupo Inclusivass, confirmed the invisibility and the violation of the DSDR of women with deficiencies, which is observed in Theology. And also presented contributions and challenges for Theology in the reflection about the DSDR and other relevant themes for the area such as body, corporeity, incarnation, creation, deficiency, gender, reproduction, sexuality, human rights. Women with deficiencies, as dignified people and people created in the image of God, have the right to make decisions related to their sexual life and their reproductive life and to have their DSDR respected, which is according to the justice of God. The concept of accessibility, as presented in this Dissertation, proposes to produce theological knowledge based on the experiences of the women with deficiencies in the field of the DSDR. In spite of the lack of studies on the theme the different theological perspectives offer contributions toward the reflection about the DSDR of women with deficiencies in the perspective of a Feminist Theology of Deficiency.