A contracepção, os direitos reprodutivos e a sustentabilidade

Abstract

The present study analyzes contraception, from its clinical definition to the analysis of factors that may influence it. It begins with a scientific approach to contraception, reporting the different contraceptive methods and seeks to show its aspects, its advantages and disadvantages. It is, therefore, an integrative bibliographic review, where articles, books, journals and periodicals that address the correlation between contraception, sustainability and reproductive rights were collected; also emphasizing how contraception is influenced by its cultural, economic, social, environmental and religious determinants. The results of this review were cataloged in numerous articles that initially show how religion directly or indirectly interferes with couples in the issue of family planning. It affirms that this influence is more present among Catholics, where several encyclicals and councils openly show that the Catholic tradition is against the use of any artificial contraceptive method. It was also possible to verify that evangelical churches are already favorable, when analyzing the economic and social impacts resulting from population growth. As for the issue of environmental sustainability, various articles were collected that deal with demography with different views; some showing that population growth is an important factor of environmental and sustainable imbalance, as well as many others that bring affirmations that it is possible to have a sustainable planet, even in the face of large demographic cities. Finally, this work brings the participation of Brazilian public policies that aim to guarantee, over the years, free and universal access to contraceptive methods, guaranteed by the federal constitution, showing that historically, there have been great advances in favor of comprehensive health care for the women guaranteed by sexual and reproductive rights, based on the construction of family planning carried out in an equitable manner, thus preserving the private right of women and couples to carry out or not carry out birth control.