O ethos no discurso pastoral do neopentecostalismo brasileiro: uma análise teológico-discursiva

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation was to analyze, in a theological-discursive perspective, the ethos in the pastoral discourse of Brazilian neo-Pentecostalism, based on statements by Pastor Edir Macedo, from the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (IURD). This is a qualitative and interpretative research the corpus of which consists of two videos posted on the YouTube platform, in 2019, entitled “Right to prosperity” and “On the altar it’s everything for everything”. The theoretical basis is based on the French Discourse Analysis (ADF), using the authors Charaudeau and Maingueneau (2004), Foucault (2005), Amossy (2007; 2018), Orlandi (2003), among others, as well as on Christian and Homiletic Theology like Adam (2016), Moraes (2005), Peterson (2000) and White (2003). The results of the research demonstrate that, in his speeches posted on YouTube, Pastor Edir Macedo, acts as a communicating subject, when engendering his speech project, and as an enunciator when producing a staging with a view to persuading the recipients, mostly people in a situation of social marginalization. The pastor's speeches project an ethos of messianism and entrepreneurship, instead of a prophetic-evangelical ethos, along the lines of what Christianity preaches. From a polyphonic perspective, the pastor's voice is also the voice of the IURD, which in turn presents itself as a form of neo-Pentecostalism. The theological-linguistic evidence shows, however, that it is a sociocultural phenomenon that uses a metaenunciative discourse. We conclude that the discursive ethos projected by the pastor indicates a break with the doctrinal positions that serve as a basis for the evangelical-Christian perspective.