O papel do/a enfermeiro/a: visão humanística dos cuidados paliativos em pacientes oncológicos

Abstract

This study deals with the caretaking practices which the nursing professional should carry out, as well as with how this professional should proceed with oncologic patients in the terminal stage, since they are biopsychosociospiritual human beings who must be evaluated as such, based on a harmony between listening, hospitality, respect, solidarity and affectionate care, respecting the person‟s choices and propitiating an adequate treatment to improve their quality of life, which will only be effective through the creation of ties established between the nurse and the patient (affection), in order for the latter to feel a part of the treatment process (self-care). The research is basically characterized as bibliographic, as to the means, qualitative and with exploratory ends, with a positivist paradigm, the goal of which is to analyze the effects caused by the practices of a humanized nursing, seeking to answer in a practical and qualified way the proposed questions. Therefore, we point out that the study identified various attempts of the health system to humanize the services through the creation of various programs which, up to that point, were considered within its structure to be a great advance, however, they did not respond to what was envisaged when compared with the praxis of the nursing professional. It also revealed the importance that the mind has over the body in people with cancer and their evolution, for when they discover the factors which block their perception, they reveal the existence of the possibility of relating to the world and of concentrating on the mechanisms of self-cure, which significantly helps in improving the immune system through the exercise of spirituality.