Cuidado pastoral e psicanálise: uma possível relação entre o discurso da fé e da graça e a ciência do inconsciente e da clínica

Abstract

This paper has as its goal to analyze the theme of Pastoral Care, its historical, theoretical and practical development based on the discourse of Faith and Grace and Psychoanalysis as a science of the subconscious and of clinical care, its structures and manifestations based on theoretical and practical resources of the Freudian and Lacanian theory. It points out the fundamental aspects of existing divergences and convergences in pastoral care and in psychoanalytical clinical treatment, underscoring the efficacy of both in tending to the need of those who suffer. Pastoral Care and Psychoanalysis are two distinct, different and complex paths in the life of those who decide to occupy the space of listening to the need in the form of discourse of those who suffer in the body and soul the lack of knowledge about their pain of existing , manifest by that which psychoanalysis calls symptom. Pastoral Care and Psychoanalysis signal two strands which are close to each other but also diverge. The first deals with spiritual and pastoral theology from the beginnings of Biblical revelation to our days. The second, of a scientific nature, deals with the science of the subconscious, its structures and manifestations. In this sense, we would say that psychoanalysis exists for those who wish to interrogate themselves. Its practice is related to questionings about one‟s being and one‟s living, to working with feelings, thoughts, perceptions and conflicts as manifestation of symptoms. In this reflection one seeks to understand Pastoral Care as an activity which is based on the integration of two strands of theology: spirituality and pastoral practice, seeking to tend to an identified need in the life of the one who is suffering psychologically or spiritually. We understand Pastoral Care to be an activity developed among the faithful on an individual or group basis, in the sense of responding to a request for help by these to help resolve or deal with aspects of their lives, or even issues of existential character which condition, bother them or make them suffer. Pastoral Care is sustained by the faith and the grace of the GREATER LOVE, in psychoanalytical treatment, that is, at the beginning of the analysis, is the transference, which, if well managed by knowing how to listen and by speaking well will make it possible for the subject in need to have a knowledge that can lead to a relief or maybe even a cure.